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Medications to Treat Anxiety

While therapy is the best treatment for anxiety, there are times when taking a short course of medicine is required. Antidepressants and tranquilizers are among the medications that can be used to treat anxiety.

SSRI antidepressants such as citalopram (Celexa), the escitalopram (Lexapro) and sertraline (Zoloft) enhance communication between nerve cells within the brain, and may reduce anxiety. SNRIs that focus on the chemicals serotonin and norepinephrine may also be effective.

SSRIs

SSRIs are typically the first medication prescribed by doctors to treat situational anxiety treatment disorders. They stop nerve cells from absorption of serotonin into the brain, a substance that is vital for the regulation of mood. It takes some time for the medications to begin working, but people usually begin feeling better after 4 to 6 weeks. SSRIs do not form a habit and aren't addictive, so they can be taken for a long period of time.

Another type of antidepressant, SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), also treats depression and anxiety. These SNRIs include citalopram and Escitalopram, fluoxetine (Prozac) and paraxetine (Paxil) and sertraline. Tricyclic antidepressants, such as imipramine (Tofranil) and doxepine (Anxiety Disorder Stimulant) also treat anxiety and depression. Mirtazapine is a new antidepressant, is sometimes used to treat anxiety disorders.

Doctors aren't certain of the exact way SSRIs and SNRIs work however they do know that they boost activity of certain chemical messengers within the brain, known as neurotransmitters. They stop the brain from absorbing chemicals and permit these chemicals to bind with receptors.

SSRIs are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD; panic disorder/agoraphobia; and posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. They may also be helpful with bulimia, but it is less prevalent.

People suffering from anxiety who don't respond to SSRIs could be prescribed an atypical antipsychotic medication. Examples include quetiapine (Abilify), and aripiprazole, (Risperdal). These drugs reduce anxiety in people who have obsessive compulsive disorder. They are usually prescribed together with an antidepressant, and they are less prone of serious side effects compared to other antipsychotics.

Beta-blockers can also be prescribed to treat anxiety, and heart issues. Examples include propranolol (Inderal) and atenolol (Tenormin). They can ease physical symptoms of anxiety for people suffering from social anxiety disorders. They can also be helpful in reducing anxiety before or after surgery and for some chronic pain conditions. The benzodiazepines, including lorazepam and Ativan (Ativan) can be utilized when other treatments do not work. They can be addictive and habit-forming.

SNRIs

SNRIs are an antidepressant medication to treat anxiety and depression that is often prescribed to treat anxiety. They function similarly similar to SSRIs but also increase the availability norepinephrine, and serotonin. This means that they are usually more effective in treating specific types of anxiety disorders. This includes social anxiety disorder and panic disorder. Like other medications, these are most effective when they are combined with talk therapy and other treatment strategies.

Unlike benzodiazepines SNRIs don't cause dependence or addiction for most people. Some sufferers may experience withdrawal symptoms when stopping a medication after a prolonged period of use. Because of this, it is important to speak with your physician prior to stopping any medication.

Neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine are responsible for regulating mood and stress. They play a key part in the fight or flight response that many sufferers of anxiety experience. By preventing the reuptake of, SNRIs block nerve cells from quickly absorbing these neurotransmitters. This way they help keep these chemicals in the brain for longer and as a consequence they have the potential to boost mood and decrease feelings of anxiety or even help alleviate symptoms of panic attacks.

Norepinephrine also plays a role in anxiety, as it activates the Amygdala. It is a nebulous and primitive brain region that is linked to fearful behavior. SNRIs reduce the activity of this area of the brain. This can improve mood, anxiety, and even reduce panic attacks.

These medicines are extremely helpful however they can increase suicidal thinking in some people. This is why they are typically prescribed in higher doses for a brief time. They can also interact with other drugs and substances. If you are taking any other prescription or over-the counter medication, make sure to discuss this with your doctor and keep them updated on any medical conditions that you may have including heart problems and bleeding-related diseases. Also, be aware that some patients have reported adverse reactions to SNRIs, such as dry mouth and nausea.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines, or benzos as they are commonly called are a class of drugs that reduce anxiety and anxiety related symptoms, like muscle tension and insomnia. They are useful in some patients suffering from anxiety disorders, like panic disorder and social anxiety particularly when other treatments, such as SSRIs or psychotherapy (talk therapy) do not work. They can also be used as a temporary solution until you can wait for your antidepressant medication to begin to work. The medications diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan) are the most common benzos, although other benzos include clonazepam (Rivotril), temazepam (Restoril) and flurazepam (Dalmane).

They usually start working within 30 minutes because they are rapid-acting. They don't remain in the body for very long, which is why they must be taken on a regular basis to reap the maximum benefits. Benzos taken for long durations of time can result in physical dependence and addiction therefore they should only be used for the shortest period possible. Benzos are not recommended for those suffering from anxiety disorders or depression because they may increase the risk of those issues.

Benzo users who take them for long periods of time with no medical supervision and often without the direction of a doctor, can develop a condition known as sedative use disorders, which includes withdrawal symptoms and addiction. This is a rare issue for those who take benzos according to prescription. Rather, misuse of benzos is typically a result of other factors such as alcohol abuse and depression.

Tolerence to benzodiazepines could develop if they are taken for a long period of time. Tolerance means you require more medication to get the same effects. This can sometimes result in respiratory depression or even death. Even if you're taking benzodiazepines for a prolonged period of time, it is essential to adhere to the prescription.

Other Medical Treatments

SSRIs and SNRIs are the first medications doctors will usually prescribe for anxiety. They alter serotonin which is responsible for mood, appetite, and sleep. They can be slow to show results, up to 12 weeks, and have some adverse effects such as nausea or insomnia. SSRIs are also used to treat other mental health anxiety treatment disorders like depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and panic disorder. Contrary to benzodiazepines, antidepressants do not cause physical dependence. However, they could cause withdrawal symptoms if abruptly stopped.

Sertraline (Zoloft), Prozac (Prozac), and Celexa (Citalopram) are all medications in this class. They can be taken on their own or in combination with therapy. Antidepressants are prescribed by psychiatrists, psychologists or family physicians who have specialized training in medication management.

Doctors can prescribe a class called monoamine-oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) as an antidepressant. These drugs inhibit the action of certain enzymes that break down chemicals like serotonin and norepinephrine, and dopamine. MAOIs may take up to four weeks before they begin to work however they aren't as fast-acting than SSRIs.

Clonidine is a different medication that can be used to control anxiety. It is often used to treat anxiety however, it can also be used to lower blood pressure. Its effectiveness is limited by side effects like hypotension and sedation. Doctors may also prescribe antihistamines, such as hydroxyzine, to ease symptoms of panic attacks and anxiety. They also can reduce the effectiveness of benzodiazepines for certain patients.

Anxiety is often treated with the combination of psychotherapy, exercise and medication. Engaging with a therapist who specializes in anxiety disorders is the most effective method to manage anxiety. They can help you work through the underlying causes of anxiety and suggest strategies for managing it without medication, if necessary. Other options for treating anxiety in bipolar disorder anxiety that don't require medication include eye movement desensitization mindfulness meditation and trauma-informed Yoga. Talk to your therapist about how to determine the best option for you. Psychiatrists are trained to evaluate your medical history, symptoms, and develop an anxiety treatment plan that is suitable for you. When creating the plan, they take into consideration your lifestyle, diagnosis as well as your medical background and personal preferences. They may also make adjustments over time.