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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You probably already know that different types of plants produce different flavors. Find out more about four of the most sought-after varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, which are a variety of Liberica is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and tarter flavor, and are often added to blends of beans to add depth.

Arabica

Arabica is the most well-known coffee in the world, making up 75% of the global coffee beans for sale bean production. Arabica beans are milder and sweeter than Robusta, and are available in a variety of flavours. The aroma and taste of a coffee may vary widely depending on the growing conditions and methods of processing used to produce it.

The word "coffee" originates from the Arabic word that means berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that develop in bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds found that their goats were energized by eating these fruits. The cultivation of coffee beans uk grew rapidly around the world.

Coffee beans can thrive at high altitudes and thrive in cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is why Arabica coffee is considered to be the most delicious kind of top 10 coffee beans.

Many specialty coffee beans coffee shops and roasters focus on ethically sourced arabica beans, with a focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique signature coffees, which can be used in a variety of brewing methods. Blending gives you control over the flavour, aroma and body as well as the acidity of the coffee and is typically preferred to create an even and consistent flavor that appeals to a wider market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most widely used type of coffee bean that is grown worldwide. They have more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against pests and diseases. They also have higher levels of chlorogenic acid, which are antioxidants found naturally. These acids can cause oxidation during the brewing process of coffee and create undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more resilient than arabica, able thrive in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can tolerate higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant and grows more quickly than arabica. This makes it a economically viable crop to cultivate.

While it may seem counterintuitive Robusta beans are typically blended with arabica beans to create coffee blends. If you see names such as Uganda or Kenya on the bag of coffee it's likely that there's also some robusta.

Although some roasters only use arabica beans, the majority of roasters use blend the two varieties to reduce costs and preserve quality. To ensure the integrity of the flavor you should select a high quality bean from a reliable source. This can be accomplished by purchasing your beans direct from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped that makes them different from other types of coffee beans. They have a distinctive scent that is floral and fruity with subtle smoky undertones. They are added to other types of coffee beans to give them a more rounded and more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They are resistant to hot, humid climates and can thrive at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them ideal to grow at home. You can find the seeds online from many sources, however it is best to buy from local producers to guarantee the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions for the cultivation of Liberica coffee plants are fertile, deep volcanic soils with moderately acidic pH, and adequate annual rainfall.

Excelsa is a different kind of coffee bean. It was originally classified as a separate species, but has now been classified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that grow on 20-30 foot coffee plants that are located at medium altitudes. Their unique taste is both sweet and tart, making them a popular choice for blends made at home. They are also lighter on aroma and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta yet still have a distinctive richness of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most sought-after kind of coffee beans Excelsa beans aren't quite as readily available as Arabica or Robusta. They were actually regarded as a different coffee plant species up until 2006, when they were reclassified as a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. Today, they're grown mainly in Southeast Asia and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee. These coffee beans have the shape of a teardrop and possess a dark, mysterious taste. They're typically used in blends to add extra body and a full tart, ripe fruit taste.

Arabica beans are the most well-known and are known for their sweeter flavor. They thrive in tropical and warm climates and at high altitudes. They have a slight acidity. When roasted and brewed properly they can be a bit sweet with hints of nuts, chocolate, or even fruit.

Robusta is an extremely close second to Arabica and makes up around 40 percent of the world's coffee. Robusta is rounder and smaller, yet contain twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and are more likely to have woody and earthy undertones.

Once you've mastered the four most popular types of coffee beans and the four most popular types of coffee beans, it's time to select the perfect coffee. If you're looking for a silky and delicate taste, go for an arabica or a blend of arabica and robusta beans.